Different Mental Disorders - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 489 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/07/30 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: PTSD Essay Did you like this example? There are many different mental disorders that are outlined within the book of importance to mental health clinicians, including PTSD. How individuals feel, think, and behave are what help drive different perspectives to derive. From researching combat veterans suffering from PTSD, I found similarities and differences between the different psychological perspectives that was focused upon. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Different Mental Disorders" essay for you Create order When comparing and contrasting the behavioral and cognition perspectives in terms of evaluating PTSD among combat veterans, they are more similar, while on the other hand, comparing the biological perspective to the other perspective there were hardly any similarities but more differences. Between the psychological perspectives of cognition and behavior, I found the similarity that both used therapy as a treatment component and not a medicinal approach. I think that this is important because instead of turning to medications to fix the problem, using exposure therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, both help to work through the issue rather than pushing it aside and taking a pill. Also, therapy was found to be more effective than the medicinal approach and I think this is due to the fact that with medications, the efficacy and confidence was expressed in a negative manner due to the fact that side effects of a medication can occur and dependence upon it can accumulate. When looking at the biological approach and trying to connect it to the cognitive approach and behavioral approach, it is not easy to do so. The biological approach focuses its attention on the endocrine system of the human body, expressing that the problem originates from out of balance hormone levels, when the cognitive approach focuses on thoughts within the find and the behavioral approach focusing on the actions elicited from the combat veteran. When getting an education, it is learned that biological factors focus on genetics and hormones, which holds true here. On the other hand, the cognitive approach concentrates on the negative thoughts and acting upon them to realize they are just thoughts and dont need to be drawn out into actions. The cognitive perspective focuses more so on the psychological aspect, whereas the biological perspective focused more so on the physiological aspect. I found no perspective better than another one, but rather found that different perspectives add more knowledge to understand the topic as a whole. There are different ways human thoughts and behaviors are elicited. New treatments and etiology may develop from the different types of psychological perspectives if research is continued onward regarding a topic with not much data like this one. The older name of posttraumatic stress disorder, shell shock, represents this type pertaining to combat veterans because it places a shell around them, to hide in, and not want to get help in. With the advancements in technology that continue each and every day, the research that is continued onward with this topic, and the more awareness that accumulates regarding PTSD among combat veterans, treatment for these victims is essential.

The Crime Of Human Trafficking - 1614 Words

It is an approximated that 2.4 million throughout the world are trafficked each year. The countries that traffic humans the most are due to complicated issues. These issues can be affecting those who are female, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and from marginalized ethnicities (Golbya, 2015, p. 28). This crime of human trafficking is also more complex than other crimes, because it generally does not account for other circumstances. Other circumstances include, immigrants, runaways, and individuals that order wives to name a few. The UN defines human trafficking as an act related to kidnapping, forcible confinement, debt bondage, forced labour [sic], cross–border exploitation, and the recruitment and harbouring [sic] of persons (Golbya, 2015, p. 28). The role of the government in counter-trafficking programs is the predominant in the prosecution of Human traffickers. Although prosecution is not the remedy for this crime, but just penalizing the offender is not enough. Prevention should be a key part in lessening and stopping human trafficking. Nowadays there is more and more support for the idea that action to combat [trafficking in human beings] must not only be based in criminal law, but must also utilize other fields of law, especially labor law and migration law (Jà ¤gers, 2014, p 48). Human trafficking and labor exploitation is now considered the modern day version of slavery. There should be a uniform act on human trafficking that all countries can agree to. TheShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking Is A Crime Essay1873 Words   |  8 Pagesno way to ask for help. Human trafficking is a crime that has many victims! Not only those who are trafficked suffer but also the families of these victims feel the same scare, hurt and worry each victim does. They are forced to leave there love ones behind, while some of them are never seen again. This crime has spread around the world doing nothing but providing heartless masters and employees with a never ending supply of people to abuse in order to gain wealth. Human Tracking is comparable toRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Crime979 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation. It’s called Human Trafficking. A couple of years ago, there was a trafficking bust in Kansas City, where a man was trafficking his 14 year old stepdaughter, in the basement of sex shops. Thirty to Forty men would come every night to rape his daughter.(1) Human trafficking is a crime in almost every corner of the world. Now the question is, how can we stop it? Human trafficking is the transportation or the harbouring of individuals through meansRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Global Crime1439 Words   |  6 PagesHuman trafficking, by definition, is â€Å"the illegal movement of people, typically for the purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation.† Most people would say that human trafficking is a very serious crime that needs to be better regulated and the laws pertaining to it needs to be more enforced to help those enslaved within break free. Others may say that because human trafficking is such a large and worldwide â€Å"business† that makes millions each year, it will be extremely difficult toRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Hidden Crime1565 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking are the illegal activity of people, usually for the purposes of obligatory workforce or commercial sexual abuse. In other words, it is also defined as a modern-day form of slavery involving the illegal occupation of persons fo r exploitation or sexual abuse. Human trafficking is a hidden crime as victims rarely try their best to seek help because of language problems, scared of the abuser and lack of law enforcement. Every year, millions of males, females, and youngsters are traffickedRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Serious Crime1497 Words   |  6 PagesNumber One: Introductory Post Posted March 15th, 2017. Thousands of men, women and children fall into the hands of human traffickers, in both their countries and in other countries each year. Whether it be a country of origin, transit, or a destination, nearly every country in the world is being affected by human trafficking. Human trafficking is a serious crime and a violation of all human rights here in Australia. It involves the recruitment, movement and exploitation of a person which consists ofRead MoreEssay on Human Trafficking Crime1303 Words   |  6 PagesHuman trafficking is one of the most gfmoney making crime in the world? 1] (Amanda Kloer, March 15th 2011) Do you know human trafficking is slavery and happening everywhere, including where you live. It’s happening to many normal people like you. Most products that you buy from the supermarket like food, clothes, and shoes are made by people who were trafficked to factories.Will human trafficking stop if we legalize it? Human trafficking has become a global problem, as it happens everywhere to allRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Dangerous Crime1634 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is the quickest increasing criminal industry currently in society and is a dark human behavior that has been going on since the beginning of history. The trafficking of human beings for forced slave labor and sexual exploitation is a horrendous crime that takes advantage of one throughout the illegal trading and forced labor of all types of people People trafficking forces millions of people going against their will and having to take part in prostitution, beg and complete hardRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Dangerous Crime1616 Words   |  7 Pagesof our world’s problems go unnoticed. A problem that seems to go unnoticed that is a worldwide epidemic is human trafficking. Have you heard about human trafficking? Human trafficking is the illegal movement of people, typically for the purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. Human trafficking is a horrible crime that more people need to be aware about. Human trafficking can be described as being a very secretive industry. No one knows what is going on behind the scenes. PeopleRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Crime And An Abuse Of Human Rights1884 Words   |  8 Pagesthat remains prevalent in our country. Despite the freedoms we are granted as a citizen of the United States, human trafficking is a massive issue that is often overlooked. The United States is ranked among the top five countries where human slaves are sold and exploited for labor or sexual purposes (Mizus, Moody, Privado, Douglas, 2003). Human trafficking is a crime and an abuse of human rights that affects men and women, adults and children, U.S. citizens and foreign nationals from all around theRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Crime Against Humanity2357 Words   |  10 Pages a man suddenly came in and started taking off my clothes. I was so scared, I did n’t understand what was happening† (Halima, 17). Halima was brought into the world of sex trafficking as a child and now lives in a brothel in central Jessore, the last town before the border into India from Bangladesh. Human trafficking is a crime against humanity and although all forms of slavery were completely abolished in 1981, for the last 35 years   on average 800,000 to 4 million people are exploited annually

Reflective Essay on Teaching Free Essays

string(112) " different stages of learning experience, is ongoing, vital to development, evolution of teaching and learning\." This assignment will critically reflect and analyse a microteaching session I presented to my peers in a clinical placement regarding Nursing management of chest drains. I will define reflection; teaching, learning and the rationale for choosing this topic will be clearly outlined in this paper. The preparation, planning, implementation and evaluation will also be incorporated. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Essay on Teaching or any similar topic only for you Order Now This assignment will be structured using Gibbs (1988) reflective model cited in Modular Training Course, 2003 because of its simplicity. Analysis will permeate through each stage of the Gibbs reflective model. Finally I will conclude by reflecting on my role as a joint practitioner outlining areas of personal, professional growth, identifying my strength, weakness and put forward an action plan for my future development in teaching. Reflection is an important human activity in which people re-capture their experience, mull it over and evaluate it. It is working with experience that is important in learning (Boud et al, 1985). Teaching is defined as a system of activities intended to induce learning, comprising the deliberate, methodical creation and control of those conditions in which learning does occur (Curzon, 1997). In Nursing, teaching is said to be the change in behaviour that we wish to bring about if we are to enhance and improve care for patients and client (Hinchliff, 2004) The term teaching and learning are often used interchangeably. Curzon (1990) cited by Nicklin and Kenworthy (2000) define learning as the apparent modification of a person’s behaviour through his activities and experiences so that his knowledge, skills and attitudes, including modes of adjustment towards his environment, are changed, more or less permanently. The rationale of choosing my topic was due to its relevance to the area of my clinical placement (Cardio thoracic) and the Unique learning needs of nursing management of chest drains amongst Nursing students as realised while working with them. As mentioned above, I will be using the Gibbs reflective model, which follows a cyclical pattern from description, feelings, evaluation, to conclusion and action plan. See in the Appendice. Each of these is sub-headed in the next sections to maintain clarity. Description This is the first stage of the Gibbs model. The value of micro sessions is for planning and delivering a short presentation where by feedback can be gathered before embarking on longer sessions (Walkin, 1990). Planning is about thinking things through it requires imagination and lateral as well as logical thinking (Kiger, 1995). It is a process that directs the teacher and the learner towards certain actions, which will facilitate learning. During the preparation of my teaching presentation I researched my chosen subject using databases like British Nursing Index (BNI), Nursing practice text books as well as Journals as recommended by Hinchliff (2004) who contend that using evidence-based practice can help to ensure that the subject is fully researched and this will provide support practice and view. I set out the aims and objectives of the teaching session. This view is supported by (Daines et al, 1993) who state that the teacher must know what it is that he or she intends to teach and what the students are expected to learn as an outcome for the joint effort. I drafted a lesson plan see in the appendice, which I highlighted that I was going to use an overhead projector and give handouts to the group. Ewan and White (1996) suggest it is necessary to understand learners’ different learning styles for learning and teaching to be effective. I devised my teaching plan bearing in mind that there were pragmatists, activists, theorists and reflectors among my peers. After putting the content of my presentation together I began printing and photocopying my acetates and handouts for my peers. The next step I did was to start rehearsing my presentation at home. On the day of the presentation I gave out handouts to my peers prior to the microteaching session. I used an overhead projector as a guide for my discussion even though my acetates were cluttered with too much information. I also used some equipment like different types of chest drains, water and a dame in of a person to demonstrate to my peers. I used psychomotor learning domain as it was described by Bloom (1956) cited by De Tornyay Thompson (1987) to be most important domain compared with Cognitive and Affective domains as it enabling the learner to learn through the demonstrated skill. As I encouraged my peers to carry out the skill that I had demonstrated, I had to bear in mind that many adult learners are self-conscious about trying new psychomotor skills as contended by De Tornyay Thompson (1987). They worry about looking foolish and making errors. And therefore it is crucial that the learning environment is warm and accepting, inviting the learners to try things, take risks and experiment. Feelings Planning on its own caused a lot of anxiety, as I was not really sure of how well I will do in delivering and presenting my topic to my peers. Although I had some idea about management of chest drains from both the practical bit that I had gained during my first two weeks on the ward and the theory that I had gathered, I was nervous prior to my presentation. It is argued by some commentators that having nerves can improve your performance (Lancaster and Janes, 1994). Feelings of nervousness helped me to focus on my presentation however things did not go the way I planned them. I can only attribute my feelings of nervousness due to inadequate preparation. During the presentation I had mixed feelings of nervousness compounded by feelings of confidence and I was not sure about how the audience perceived my presentation. I was feeling confident at times because I knew a lot about the topic and my peers through evaluation echoed this. Evaluation Evaluation can be seen as a process of making personalised judgements and decisions about achievements, expectations, the effectiveness and evaluation of what we are doing (Hanchliff, 2001). It occurs at different stages of learning experience, is ongoing, vital to development, evolution of teaching and learning. You read "Reflective Essay on Teaching" in category "Papers" It is emphasised that if you do not self evaluate there is a tendency to carry on as usual (Hinchliff, 2004). As part of my preparation, I decided that I was going to use the SWOT analysis to evaluate myself. And with this, I was going to be able to identify my Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. My strengths included giving handouts first before starting my presentation. My peers in the feedback sheets echoed these remarks. This is supported by (Boyd et al, 1997) who states that handouts provide organisation, enable students to listen rather than taking notes and serve as a reminder of what the students have heard in the classroom or lecture. I linked the theory to practice as I was using acetates on an overhead projector as well as demonstrating and some of my peers commented that this helped them to understand the topic better. De Tornyay Thompson (1987), recommend the use of an overhead projector by the teacher as this avoids distracting instructions and can integrate the material from the transparency with the presentation naturally and without losing eye contact with class. My voice was loud and clear throughout my presentation to enable my peers to hear the topic. Oliver and Endersby (1994) emphasise that if people cannot hear you during presentations they will not listen to you hence it is important to have a good voice projection when teaching or presenting. I had also met my aims and objectives that I had set up and my peers had learnt from them following the feedback. Aim Objectives can provide a logical sequence for both you your students enable you to check whether your teaching has been effective and also help to make decision about what exactly the student should learn as recommended by (Hinchliff, 2004). My weaknesses included confusing some surgical terms that I had used and therefore giving the wrong explanation of the word, not giving all my peers a chance to practice the skill and also not involving my peers to participate in terms of the questioning technique. Some of my peers commented on the feedback sheets that I had the tendency to read my acetates, I should have brought in prompt cards just to remind me of the main points which needed to be discussed further. It is argued by (Baume and Baume, 1996) that reading from transparencies will give a stilted feel to a presentation and does not give the presenter much credibility. In essence as a presenter you should know most of what you want to say otherwise you should not be teaching or presenting to the audience. And also some of my peers commented that I had rushed my presentation despite the fact that I finished within the expected time. I didn’t have all my teaching equipments as I had planned. In organizing the materials for teaching, Oliver Endersby (1994) stated that the responsibility of teaching does not only lie on accuracy of the information presented but also in the manner and order in which it is presented. The opportunity of being familiar with my peers and knowing the subject area that I was going to present strengthened my confidence as I began to teach. My threat was not being able to finish on time and being so nervous that I would not give the best to my group. Analysis On analysis, I thought I choose the right topic that was relevant to my course and my clinical area of placement. â€Å"As joint practitioners we will encounter carers in our working life, so giving information on carers assessment, their limitation and effect of caring will prepare us for future practice† (Hinchliff, 2004). As I was preparing my presentation, I thought about adult learning as all my peers were going to be adults. I decided to use Androgogy approach of teaching as recommended by Knowles (1990) who defined it as the art and science of supporting students particularly, adult learner in their own learning process. In retrospect, I feel that this helped to promote the students’ concentration and I believe that my peers felt valued, as I was able to include them in the teaching by acknowledging each and everyone who participated by using their names and praised them. The teaching session took place in a seminar room near the ward where everyone was familiar with the environment. It is believed that a good learning environment allows a more positive attitude to study and desire to learn (Kiger, 1995). Overhead projector was used during the teaching, this was benefiting to my peers, it help to clarify and explain key points. The use of overhead projector encouraged motivation from peers and makes it more interesting (Larrivee, 2000). The teaching session was aimed to facilitate humanistic or cognitive domain as well as psychomotor where cognitive domain is student centred. This permit student perception and thinking, it also incorporate student participation which gave the chance to ascertain peers’ knowledge of the topic been taught. I used Abbatt Mc Mahon (1993) 3 aspects of evaluation i. e. Plan, Process and Product as a form of evaluating my peers learning and effectiveness of my teaching. With this, there was use of evaluation checklists See in the Appendices that were used by my peers to evaluate my teaching in form of feedback. These can enable the teach to identify aspects of his/her teaching that could improve on. Although the feedback from my peers and mentor was informative and good, from my own reflection afterwards made me realise that I had not taught I had planned. I didn’t involve all my peers to practice the skill, which would have helped them to learn more as recommended by Hinchliff (2004). I should have informed them of how long the session was to take in order to avoid them from thinking that I had rushed. I should not have read my presentation from the acetates because it is argued that the audience will probably understand very little and will loose concentration quickly (Nicklin and Kenworthy, 2000). Body language communicates different impressions to the audience; I maintained eye contact on some occasions this helps to regulate the flow of communication. This is supported by (Oliver and Endersby, 1994) who state that presenters who make eye contact covey interest, concern, warmth and credibility. Conclusion I seem to have learned more from the reflective process than the actual presentation. Presenting to the group was one of the most nerves wrecking experiences as well as waiting for feedback from my peers and mentor. However, carrying out this teaching session has broadened my knowledge in management of chest drains and given me the courage and confidence for my future teaching and presentations. Action Plan I endeavour to perceive weakness as opportunities for future development rather than as failures. In essence the act of reflecting on the microteaching presentation has deepened my understanding of the importance of having a good preparation, a good plan, including having rehearsals prior to the presentation, the importance of having a good learning environment, and being familiar with the material you are going to use before presenting. It is imperative to evaluate each teaching session or presentation, as this is the only way we can learn to improve our practice. How to cite Reflective Essay on Teaching, Essays

Accounting Assumption free essay sample

An economic entity can be any organization or unit in society. It may be a company, government unit, a municipality, a school district, or a church. The economic entity assumption requires that the activities of the entity be kept separate and distinct from the activities of its owner and all other economic entities (Weygandt, Kimmel, Kieso, Financial Accounting). The accounting profession has developed standards that are generally accepted and university practiced. This common set of standards are called generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), indicate how to report economic events. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is the agency of the United States government that oversees U. S. financial markets and accounting standard-setting bodies. There are four principles of accounting. They are the cost principle. Business are required to record and report assets based on the actual cost incurred to acquire them rather than the free market value of the acquired asset themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Assumption or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The idea behind this principle is that this method of recording and reporting is reliable and lessens the opportunity for factors such as biased market values to interfere with the accounting. However, this method may be viewed as irrelevant as it relates to the actual value of assets. The second principle is the accrual principle. Businesses are required to record and report revenue at the time it is earned and realized by the business, not when the cash for the revenue is received by the business. This method is known as accrual basis accounting. The purpose of this principle is to actually show what work has been completed and not what is to be done in the future. The third principle is the matching principle. This principle allows for real time analysis of the expenses and revenues. Using this principle will show just how well the business has done financially and how effective it was. Somewhat like the accrual principle, expenses in this case can only be recorded and reported when revenue is to which such expenses are related was earned. The fourth principle is the Disclosure Principle. The accounting records of a business must be disclosed so that judgment about the financial status of a business can be easily made. However, the disclosure of accounting and financial information should not cause the business to accrue unreasonable expenses or cause erroneous opinions (ezinearticle. com). The constraints of accounting refer to the limitations to providing financial information that exist in the financial reporting environment. Financial reporting must follow the generally accepted accounting principles or GAAP. The constraints of accounting permit certain variations from the basic accounting principles in reporting a company’s financial information. Financial reporting is not cost free because companies must spend time and money to collect, process, analyze, and disseminate relevant information. In deciding what to include in a financial reporting, companies must weigh the costs of providing particular information against the benefits that can be derived from using this information. Therefore, companies may not require particular accounting measurements or disclosures if the cost of implementing them exceeds the benefits accrued to users of the information. The GAAP does depend on principles, assumptions and constraints for sound financial reporting. The GAAP uses these accounting principles because such standards were needed to be established for the purpose of holding organizations responsible for truthful and relevant documentation and records.